Nature of Products and Services

We generate revenue from the sales of information technology professional services, sales of third-party software licenses and implementation and training services, and sales of third-party support and maintenance contracts based on those software products. We sell through our direct relationships with end customers and under subcontractor arrangements.

Professional services are offered through several arrangements – through time and materials arrangements, fixed-price-per-unit arrangements, fixed-price arrangements, or combinations of these arrangements within individual contracts. Revenue under time and materials arrangements is recognized over time in the period the hours are worked or the expenses are incurred, as control of the benefits of the work is deemed to have passed to the customer as the work is performed. Revenue under fixed-price-per-unit arrangements is recognized at a point in time when delivery of units has occurred, and units are accepted by the customer or are reasonably expected to be accepted. Generally, revenue under fixed-price arrangements and mixed arrangements is recognized either over time or at a point in time based on the allocation of transaction pricing to each identified performance obligation as control of each is transferred to the customer. For fixed-price arrangements under which documentary evidence of acceptance or receipt of deliverables is not present or withheld by the customer, the Company recognizes revenue when it has the right to invoice the customer. For fixed-price arrangements for which the Company is paid a fixed fee to make itself available to support a customer, with no predetermined deliverables to which transaction prices can be estimated or allocated, revenue is recognized ratably over time.

Third-party software licenses are classified as enterprise server-based software licenses or desktop software licenses, and desktop licenses are further classified by the type of customer and whether the licenses are bulk licenses or individual licenses. The Company’s obligations as the seller for each class differ based on its reseller agreements and whether its customers are government or non-government customers. Revenue from enterprise server-based sales to either government or non-government customers is usually recognized in full at a point in time based on when the customer gains use of the full benefit of the licenses, after the licenses are implemented. If the transaction prices of the performance obligations related to implementation and customer support for the individual contract are material, these obligations are recognized separately over time, as performed. Revenue for desktop software licenses for government customers is usually recognized on a gross basis at a point in time, based on when the customer’s administrative contact gains training in and beneficial use of the administrative portal. Revenue for bulk desktop software licenses for non-government customers is usually recognized on a gross basis at a point in time, based on when the customer’s administrative contact gains training in and beneficial use of the administrative portal. For desktop software licenses sold on an individual license basis to non-government customers, where the Company has no obligation to the customer after the third-party makes delivery of the licenses, the Company has determined it is acting as an agent, and the Company recognizes revenue upon delivery of the licenses only for the net of the selling price and its contract costs.

Third-party support and maintenance contracts for enterprise server-based software include a performance obligation under the Company’s reseller agreements for it to be the first line of support (direct support) and second line of support (intermediary between customer and manufacturer) to the customer. Because of the support performance obligations, and because the amount of support is not estimable, the Company recognizes revenue ratably over time as it makes itself available to provide the support.

Disaggregation of Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Contract Balances

Accounts Receivable

Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the billable amount where the Company has the unconditional right to bill, net of allowances for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on the Company’s assessment of the collectability of accounts. Management regularly reviews the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts by considering the age of each outstanding invoice, each customer's expected ability to pay and collection history, when applicable, to determine whether a specific allowance is appropriate. Accounts receivable deemed uncollectible are charged against the allowance for credit losses when identified. There were no such allowances recognized as of  June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Accounts receivable as of  June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, consist of the following:

Billed receivables from the federal government include amounts due from both prime contracts and subcontracts where the federal government is the end customer.

Contract Liabilities

Contract liabilities consist of amounts that have been invoiced and for which the Company has the right to bill, but that have not been recognized as revenue because the related goods or services have not been transferred. Changes in contract liabilities balances are as follows:

Revenues recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, from the balances as of  December 31, 2023 and 2022, were $31,237 and $55,665, respectively. Revenues recognized during the six months ended  June 30, 2024 and 2023, from the balances as of  December 31, 2023 and 2022, were $85,035 and $110,753, respectively. 

Deferred Costs of Revenue

Deferred costs of revenue consist of the costs of third-party support and maintenance contracts for enterprise server-based software. These costs are reported under the prepaid expenses and other current assets caption on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company recognizes these direct costs ratably over time as it makes itself available to provide its performance obligation for software support, commensurate with its recognition of revenue. Changes in deferred costs of revenue balances for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 are as follows: