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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-KSB
Annual Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
Commission File No. 0-22405
INFORMATION ANALYSIS INCORPORATED
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Virginia 54-1167364
(State or other jurisdiction of (IRS Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
11240 Waples Mill Road, Suite 400 Fairfax, Virginia 22030
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(703) 383-3000
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $0.01 par value
(Title of Class)
Indicate by check mark whether the Registant (1) has filed all reports required
to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was
required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No
The issuer's revenue for its most recent fiscal year was $15,332,358.
The aggregate market value of the Registrant's Common Stock held by
non-affiliates as of March 15, 1999 was approximately $4,609,383.
As of March 15, 1999 the Registrant had 6,894,173 shares of Common Stock
outstanding.
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Information Analysis Incorporated 1998 Report on Form 10-KSB
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This Form 10-KSB contains forward looking statements. These statements
are based on certain assumptions and involve risks and uncertainties. Actual
future results may vary materially from those discussed herein. Any statements
that are not historical facts should be forward-looking statements. These
forward looking statements are subject to the safe harbor created by the Private
Securities Litigation Reform of 1995. IAI does not undertake any obligation to
publicly release the result of any revision which may be made to any
forward-looking statements after the date of such statements or to reflect the
occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events.
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
Founded in 1979, Information Analysis Incorporated ("IAI" or "the
Company") is in the business of modernizing client information systems. Since
its inception, IAI has performed software development and conversion projects
for over 100 commercial and government clients including Computer Sciences
Corporation, IBM, Computer Associates, MCI, Sprint, Citibank, U.S. Customs
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Army,
U.S. Air Force, Veterans Administration, and the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation. Today, IAI primarily applies its technology, services and
experience to legacy software migration and modernization and to software
remediation, both from a products and services perspective, as part of Year 2000
initiatives to correct the inability of software to recognize and process dates
subsequent to 1999.
The Company's current focus stems, in part, from its 1996 acquisition of
a software automation tool. The Company intended to primarily use this tool to
migrate clients from older computer languages generally associated with legacy
computer systems to more modern languages used with current day computer system
platforms. As the Year 2000 market began to emerge, IAI recognized the broader
functionality inherent in this tool to automate the process of reengineering
software lacking the capacity to distinguish years subsequent to 1999.
Therefore, the Company embarked on a strategy to develop a family of specialized
products around this tool, which the Company named UNICAST, and sought as its
primary business focus to license these products to third-parties who were
either engaged in the business of correcting date impacts in other parties'
software or undertaking this remediation process for their own software.
As the Year 2000, also known as Y2K, market further developed, the
Company began to realize that many companies preferred a service solution as
opposed to a product solution for attaining Year 2000 compliancy for their
software. Therefore, IAI sought to not only license UNICAST, but to also perform
remediation services in its own large volume production environment, called a
solutions factory, in which it could utilize its own automation tools. The
Company principally sought to gain its license revenues through a partnering
arrangement with Computer Associates.
IAI has recognized that companies primarily engaged in the Year 2000
sector still require a post Year 2000 strategy. Even after achieving Year 2000
compliancy, many companies will still need modernization and conversion services
for their systems. Therefore, IAI planned to address this potential market
commencing in 2000. As IAI began to consider its post Year 2000 strategy, it
also began to appreciate that Year 2000 market demand was not developing to the
extent which third-parties had projected as the so-called millenium bug began to
emerge. Therefore, the Company was of the opinion that it would need to invoke
what it had envisioned as its post Year 2000 strategy earlier than it had
planned. Therefore, in the third-quarter of 1998, the Company started to devote
greater resources to modernization and conversion services.
Today, IAI has a short-term and long-term business strategy which
involves the use of UNICAST. In the short-term, the Company believes UNICAST can
continue to produce license fee revenues from system integrators and other users
who acquire UNICAST to automate the correction of date impacts. The Company
intends to continue to utilize its own solutions factory not only to generate
such license fees but also to earn additional service revenue as it undertakes
third-party engagements to remedy software. In the long-term, UNICAST will
facilitate the Company's ability to provide systems modernization services to
companies that
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seek to migrate from mainframe legacy systems to modern environments, including
current computer languages, data bases, and mainframe, midrange, client
servers, intranet and internet platforms.
TRANSITION FROM Y2K
The Company is actively marketing and selling modernization and
conversion services to both private industry and government. IAI has
significantly restructured both its sales and technical structures to
accommodate this new direction. The Company's staff, especially product
development and solution factory personnel, has been downsized. Total employees
now number approximately 100 from a high of 226 in August 1998. The sales
staff which remains has been involved in canvassing prospective modernization
clients and preparing proposals to interested clients. Technical staff, in
addition to their normal project work, have assisted in proposal development and
in performing proof of concepts for various clients.
To retain essential staff for the build-up of future modernization work,
management has also found general staff augmentation work in traditional
professional services arenas. This work consists of a wide range of mainframe,
mid-range, and client-server technology. Some of these opportunities have come
as a result of the partnerships IAI established over the last two years with
larger companies to which IAI provided Y2K products and services. These
organizations recognize the level of technical skills of IAI's people and their
experience utilizing the successful methodologies employed in their projects.
MODERNIZATION AND CONVERSION MARKET
This modernization and conversion market is complex and diverse as to
the multiple requirements clients possess to upgrade their older systems. In the
early 1990's, many organizations tried to convert or re-engineer their mainframe
legacy systems to PC client server environments. Many of these attempts failed
because the technology for client servers lacked sufficient hardware performance
and capacity. The available software languages and tools were also immature. By
the mid 1990's, organizations did establish mid-level server technology (Unix)
to off-load and decentralize some of their decision support or departmental
systems, and they connected local area networks of PCs to provide better user
interfaces. However, many large legacy systems remained in use because of the
enormous cost to re-engineer these systems.
Currently, the options available to modernize these systems are many.
Performance and capacity of client server systems, both UNIX and NT, rival the
traditional mainframe systems. There is a plethora of software that can
interface with legacy systems via PC interfaces. New software development
languages also allow users to warehouse and data-mine information from legacy
databases. Finally, the arrival of the internet and intranet technology offers a
different approach at collecting and processing large volumes of user
transactions, processes which are the forte of older legacy systems.
Now that Year 2000 projects are nearing completion, companies are being
driven for various reasons to address the upgrading of their legacy systems. The
Y2K experience has impressed on them the difficulty of finding and retaining
staff with outdated technical skills, much of which are practiced by senior
programmers in their fifties. Hardware platforms such as Unisys and Honeywell
are reaching the horizon of their usefulness, and older programming and data
base languages are poorly supported by their providers. Additionally,
maintenance costs are skyrocketing as vendors squeeze the most out of clients
before the life-cycles of hardware and software expire. In addition, the
internet has added a new level of pressure to compete in the electronic
marketplace with their sector rivals. The next ten years should see an upsurge
of movement and change as organizations revamp their older legacy systems.
IAI STRATEGY
IAI has structured the company to address the wide range of requirements
that it envisions the market will demand. The suite of UNICAST products gives
IAI, in its opinion, a competitive edge in performing certain conversions and
migrations faster and more economically than many other vendors. The diverse
capabilities of IAI's staff in mainframe technology and client server
implementations help to assure that IAI staff can analyze the original systems
properly to conduct accurate and thorough conversions.
IAI's modernization methodology has developed over the past several
years through the completion of successful conversion projects. Senior members
of IAI's professional staff can perform both technical and
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business requirements analyses, and prepare general and detail design
documentation, develop project plans including milestones, staffing,
deliverables, and schedules. The actual work can be performed at client sites or
at IAI's premises, which has mainframe and client server facilities for the use
of IAI's personnel.
IAI recognizes the need to enhance internet application development
capability and has already embarked on web applications for several clients. IAI
is currently prototyping an application that interfaces over the internet with
systems at the Veterans Administration in Washington D.C. The application being
developed is fairly sophisticated and can even provide voice instructions for
users who are visually impaired. IAI believes this application has unique
features which can develop into a niche area that IAI can hopefully expand.
COMPETITION
The competition in the conversion and modernization market is very
strong. Many software professional services companies have had some involvement
in this area and profess proficiency in performing these projects. The Company
also faces competition from other companies which purport to substantially
automate the process through software tools including Alydaar, Crystal Systems
Solutions and Sapiens International. "Off the shelf" software for enterprise
resource planning, such as SAP and Baan, provides an additional source of
competition, although, to date, the cost and lengthy installation time for
enterprise resource planning software has slowed its implementation in the
market place. No matter what type of solution is offered, many of the Company's
competitors have greater name recognition than the Company, a larger, more
established customer base and significantly greater financial and market
resources in comparison to the Company.
PATENTS AND PROPRIETARY RIGHTS
The Company depends upon a combination of trade secret and copyright
laws, nondisclosure and other contractual provisions and technical measures to
protect its proprietary rights in its methodologies, databases and software. The
Company has not filed any patent applications covering its methodologies and
software. The Company distributes UNICAST under agreements that grant customers
non-exclusive licenses and contain terms and conditions restricting the
disclosure and use of the Company's databases or software and prohibiting the
unauthorized reproduction or transfer of its products. In addition, IAI attempts
to protect the secrecy of its proprietary databases and other trade secrets and
proprietary information through agreements with employees and consultants.
The Company also seeks to protect the source code of UNICAST as trade
secrets and under copyright law. The Company has copyright registrations for
UNICAST, its user manuals and databases. The copyright protection accorded to
databases, however, is fairly limited. While the arrangement and selection of
data can be protected, the actual data is not, and others are free to create
software performing the same function. The Company believes, however, that the
creation of competing databases would be very time consuming and costly.
BACKLOG
As of December 31, 1998, the Company estimated its backlog at
approximately $7 million. Of the entire backlog, the Company believes
approximately 95% will be completed by December 31, 1999. This backlog consists
of outstanding contracts and general commitments from current clients. The
Company regularly provides services to certain clients on an as-needed basis
without regard to a specific contract. General commitments represent those
services which the Company anticipates providing to such clients during a
twelve-month period.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1998, the Company employed 129 full-time and
part-time individuals. In addition, the Company maintained independent
contractor relationships with 19 individuals for computer services.
Approximately 80% of the Company's professional employees have at least four
years of related experience. For computer related services, the Company believes
that the diverse professional
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opportunities and interaction among its employees
contribute to maintaining a stable professional staff with limited turnover.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The Company's offices are located at 11240 Waples Mill Road, Suite 400,
Fairfax, VA. 22030. IAI holds a lease for 18,280 square feet. This lease expires
on February 28, 2004. The Company has additional offices at 3877 Fairfax Ridge
Road, Fairfax, VA. This lease is for 19,357 square feet and expires on March 31,
2000. The Company is in the process of attempting to divest itself of this
latter lease.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company is not aware of any legal proceedings against it at this
time.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matter was submitted during the fourth quarter of fiscal 1998 to a
vote of security holders, either through the solicitation of proxies or
otherwise.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE COMPANY'S COMMON STOCK AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The Company's Common Stock (symbol: IAIC) has been traded on the NASDAQ
National Market since June 2, 1998, the NASDAQ Small Cap Market from September
8, 1997 to June 1, 1998; and over the counter prior to September 8, 1997. The
following table sets forth, for the fiscal periods indicated, the high and low
bid prices of the Common Stock, as reported:
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 1997 Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 1998
---------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------
Quarter Ended: Quarter Ended:
3/31/97 6/30/97 9/30/97 12/31/97 3/31/98 6/30/98 9/30/98 12/31/98
------- ------- ------- -------- ------- ------- ------- --------
High $25.00 $29.125 $31.875 $23.50 $20.75 $16.375 $14.50 $2.438
Low $6.125 $13.50 $19.00 $10.50 $11.75 $9.875 $1.531 $1.063
The quotations on which the above data are based for periods prior to
September 8, 1997 reflect inter-dealer prices without adjustment for retail
markup, markdown or commission, and may not necessarily represent actual
transactions. From September 8, 1997, the prices reflect the high and low bid
prices as reported by NASDAQ. The above prices have been adjusted to reflect a
three for one stock split declared in January 1997 and a three for one stock
split declared in April 1997.
As of December 31, 1998, the Company had 91 stockholders of record. The
Company has not paid a cash dividend on its Common Stock for the last two fiscal
years. The Company does not anticipate the payment of cash dividends to the
holders of Common Stock in the foreseeable future.
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ITEM 6. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
Overview
1998 was a transition year for the Company. During this year the
following occurred:
o During the latter part of 1998, IAI reduced its level of product
development expenditures, most of which related to developing a
family of Year 2000 remediation products tailored to the needs of the
Computer Associates product line. Now, these products are being
reoriented to address the legacy modernization market.
o IAI's sales and marketing efforts were redirected to support staff
augmentation and legacy conversion and modernization.
o Other product and service activities which have produced revenues in
prior years were further de-emphasized.
The effect of this re-orientation has been to change IAI's focus from
primarily offering Year 2000 conversion services to an information technology
organization offering a balance of services and products in legacy modernization
and re-engineering. That change began to manifest in the fourth quarter of 1998.
Management expects this change will be more evident in 1999.
IAI was not profitable in 1998. The Company's expenses related to sales,
marketing, administrative, and research and development infrastructure exceeded
the gross profits from its revenues. As the Company transitions away from Year
2000 efforts, the Company believes its economic prospects will improve.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, selected information
from the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations, expressed as a
percentage of revenue:
Years Ended
---------------------------------
December 31, December 31,
1998 1997
---- ----
Revenue 100.0% 100.0%
Cost of Goods Sold 82.7% 70.6%
Gross Profit 17.3% 29.4%
Operating Expenses
Selling, general
and administrative 45.5% 46.9%
Research and
development 11.0% 2.3%
(Loss) from operations (39.2%) (19.8%)
Non recurring item (20.1%) (0.0%)
Other income 0.5% 1.4%
(Loss) before income
taxes (58.9%) (18.4%)
Provision for income
taxes (0.0%) 0.9%
Net (loss) (58.9%) (19.3%)
1998 COMPARED TO 1997
Revenue. Fiscal 1998 revenue increased $7.3 million, or 89.7%, to $15.3 million
in fiscal year 1998 from $8.1 million in fiscal year 1997. The reason for this
increase was primarily due to higher over-all Year 2000 sales in both product
and professional services sales. Revenue from software sales increased $3.7
million, or 237.5%, to $5.2 million in fiscal year 1998 from $1.5 million in
fiscal year 1997. Revenue from professional services increased $3.6 million, or
54.8%, to $10.1 million in fiscal year 1998 from $6.5 million in fiscal year
1997. Revenue attributable to year 2000 work increased $8.6 million, or 614.3%,
to $10.1 million in 1998 from $1.4 million in 1997.
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GROSS PROFIT. Gross profit was $2.6 million in fiscal 1998 versus $2.4 million
in 1997,or 17.3% of revenue in 1998 compared to 29.4% of revenue in 1997.
Professional services gross margin was 4.3% of revenue in 1998, down from 22.2%
in 1997. The decrease in professional services gross margin was primarily
attributable to the completion of certain fixed-price Year 2000 contracts. The
cost to complete these contracts was higher than anticipated. Software sales
gross margin was 42.4% of revenue in 1998, up from 40.1% in 1997.
SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE (SG&A). Fiscal 1998 SG&A expense rose to
$7.0 million, or 45.5% of revenue, from $3.8 million, or 46.9% of revenue in
1997, an increase of 84.0%. The increase reflected the building of a sales and
marketing infrastructure to support the Company's transition to Year 2000
products and services, and to support for the UNICAST product line.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (R&D). Fiscal 1998 R&D expense rose to $1.7 million, or
11.0% of revenue, from $0.2 million, or 2.3% of revenue in 1997. The increase is
due to higher software maintenance for released versions of software in 1998.
The Company had no general release of software in 1997.
YEAR 2000 COMPLIANCE
The Company has installed and tested a new version of our accounting
system. It is in production at this time and is Year 2000 compliant. The
Company uses off the shelf Microsoft Windows software for internal ad hoc
reporting. This software is certified by the vendor to be Year 2000 compliant.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
IAI raised $6.0 million from a private placement during fiscal 1998.
This private placement, coupled with net borrowing of $1.8 million from the
Company's bank and receipt of $0.5 million from the exercise of options,
financed $4.9 million of software development and the acquisition of $0.3
million of fixed assets. During fiscal 1998, net cash used by operating
activities was $7.0 million, primarily due to a net loss of $9.0 million.
The Company cannot be certain that there will not be a need for
additional cash resources at some point in fiscal 1999. Accordingly, the Company
may from time to time consider additional equity offerings to finance business
expansion. The Company is uncertain that it will be able to raise additional
capital.
ITEM 7. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
See Consolidated Financial Statements included herein beginning on page
F-1.
ITEM 8. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
On January 11, 1999, the Company dismissed Ernst & Young, LLP ("Ernst &
Young") as its independent accountant. The report of Ernst & Young for fiscal
year ended December 31, 1997 (the sole fiscal year for which Ernst & Young was
engaged) did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion, nor was
such report qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting
principles. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997 and for all
subsequent interim periods thereafter prior to the dismissal of Ernst & Young,
there were no disagreements on any matter of accounting principles or practices,
financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedure, which
disagreement(s), if not resolved to the satisfaction of Ernst & Young, would
have caused it to make a reference to the subject matter of the disagreement(s)
in connection with its reports. The Company's determination to change
accountants was approved by its audit committee.
Effective January 11, 1999, the Company engaged Rubino & McGeehin, Chtd.
("Rubino & McGeehin") as its new independent accountant to audit the Company's
financial statement, commencing with the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998.
During the period that Ernst & Young served as the Company's independent
accountant, including all interim periods within 1998, the Company (or someone
on its behalf) never consulted Rubino & McGeehin regarding any matter. Rubino &
McGeehin did serve as the Company's independent accountant prior to the
Company's engagement of Ernst & Young.
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PART III
ITEM 9. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The executive officers and directors of the Company are:
NAME DIRECTOR SINCE OFFICE HELD WITH COMPANY
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Sandor Rosenberg 1979 Chairman of the Board Chief Executive Officer
Richard S. DeRose Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary
Stanley A. Reese Senior Vice President, Chief Operating Officer
Brendan J. Dawson 1997 Director
Charles A. May, Jr. 1997 Director
Bonnie K. Wachtel 1992 Director
James D. Wester 1985 Director
Directors serve until the next annual meeting of shareholders or until
successors have been elected and qualified. Officers serve at the discretion of
the Board of Directors.
SANDOR ROSENBERG, 52, is the founder of the Company and has been Chairman of the
Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Company since 1979. Mr. Rosenberg holds
a BS degree in Aerospace Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and
has done graduate studies in Operations Research at George Washington
University.
RICHARD S. DEROSE, 60, has been Executive Vice President since 1991. From 1979
to 1991 he served as the President and CEO of DHD, Inc. and was a founder of the
company. Prior to DHD, Mr. DeRose held several management positions in the
information technology and telecommunications industries at RCA, Burroughs, and
MCI. Mr. DeRose holds a BS degree in Science from the US naval Academy and an MS
degree in Computer Systems Management from the US Naval Postgraduate School,
Monterey.
STANLEY A. REESE, 42, joined the Company in 1993. Mr. Reese has been Senior Vice
President since 1997 and Chief Operating Officer since March 1999. From 1992 to
1993, he served as Vice President, Technical Services at Tomco Systems, Inc.
Prior to Tomco Systems, he served as Senior Program manager at ICF Information
Technology, Inc. Mr. Reese has over 17 years experience managing and marketing
large scale mainframe and PC-based applications. Mr. Reese holds a BA in History
from George Mason University.
BRENDAN J. DAWSON, 58, is an executive management consultant. From July 1997 to
March 1998, he was President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company. From
1996 to 1997, he was CEO and President of MAXM Systems Corporation, a provider
of integrated operations management solutions. From 1992 to 1995, he served as
Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer at Legent Corporation. From
1964 to 1994, Mr. Dawson held various positions with IBM, the last of which was
Director of Consulting Services. He holds a BA degree in History from New York
University.
CHARLES A. MAY, JR., 61, is a consultant focusing on national security and
defense conversion issues. In 1992, he retired as a Lt. General from the Air
Force where he last served as Assistant Vice Chief of Staff, Headquarters US Air
Force, Washington, D.C. He is a graduate of the US Air Force Academy, where he
once served as an Associate Professor of Political Science. General May has also
graduated from the NATO Defense College and has completed the University of
Pittsburgh's Management Program for Executives.
BONNIE WACHTEL, 43, has served as vice president and general counsel of Wachtel
& Co., Inc., a Washington, D.C.-based brokerage and investment banking firm,
since 1984. Ms. Wachtel holds BA and MBA degrees from the University of Chicago
and a JD from the University of Virginia. She is a director of Integral Systems,
Inc., a provider of computer systems and software for the satellite
communications market; and VSE Corporation, a provider of technical services to
the federal government.
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JAMES WESTER, 60, has been a computer services marketing consultant for more
than 15 years. Since 1984, he has been president of Results, Inc., a computer
services marketing firm. Mr. Wester holds a BME degree from Auburn University
and an MBA from George Washington University.
There are no family relationships between any directors or executive
officers of IAI.
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ITEM 10. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The Summary Compensation Table below sets forth individual compensation
information for the Chief Executive Officer and the other executive officers
serving as executive officers as of December 31, 1998 and one additional
individual for whom disclosure would have been provided had he been serving as
an executive officer as of December 31, 1998(collectively "Named Executive
Officers"):
SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
Annual Compensation Securities Underlying
Name and Principal --------------------- ---------------------
Position Year Salary Bonus Options (#)
- -------- ---- ------ ----- -----------
Sandor Rosenberg 1998 $102,083 -- --
Chairman of the Board and 1997 $100,375 -- --
Chief Executive Officer 1996 $100,000 $15,000 --
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Richard S. DeRose 1998 $150,010 -- --
Executive Vice President 1997 $110,835 -- 5,000
Chief Financial Officer 1996 $110,730 $27,500 90,000
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Brendan Dawson(1) 1998 $41,965 $106,500 --
President and 1997 $95,202 -- 108,000
Chief Operating Officer 1996 -- -- --
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(1) Mr. Dawson's employment commenced on July 1, 1997 and he resigned on
February 28, 1998.
No Named Executive Officer has received any perquisite or benefit, securities,
or property that exceeded the lesser of $50,000 or 10% of the total annual
salary and bonus reported for such executive officer.
No option grants were made in 1998 to any Named Executive Officer.
The following table depicts option exercise activity in the last fiscal
year and fiscal year-end option values with respect to each of the Named
Executive Officers. The value of unexercised in-the-money options at December
31, 1998 equals the market value of the underlying common stock at December 31,
1998 minus the option exercise price. The fair market value of the Company's
common stock at December 31, 1998 was $1.50.
AGGREGATED OPTION EXERCISES IN LAST FISCAL YEAR AND FY END OPTION VALUES
Number of Securities Value of Unexercised
Underlying Unexercised In-the-Money Options
Options at 12/31/98 at 12/31/98
Shares Acquired Value ------------------------------- -----------------------------
Name on Exercise Realized Exercisable Unexercisable Exercisable Unexercisable
- ---- --------------- --------- ----------- ------------- ----------- -------------
Richard S. DeRose -- 97,900 $97,900 --
Brendan Dawson -- 8,000 -- --
Directors of the Company who are not executive officers of the Company
receive a stipend of $500 per quarter plus reimbursement of reasonable expenses
incurred in attending meetings.
Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requires that the Company's
executive officers and directors and persons who own more than ten percent of
the Company's common stock file initial reports of ownership of common stock and
reports of changes of ownership with the Securities and Exchange Commission and
the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Executive officers,
directors, and stockholders are required to furnish the Company with copies of
all Section 16(a) forms they file. Based on a review of such copies and other
records available to the Company, all such required filings were made in a
timely manner. except, Mr. Dawson's form 5 for 1998 was not filed within 45 days
of the end of the fiscal yearl.
ITEM 11. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGERS
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The following table sets forth, as of March 15, 1999, the number of
shares and percentage of the Company's Common Stock owned by all persons known
by the Company to own beneficially more than 5% of the Company's Common Stock,
by each director, by each executive officer named in the Summary Compensation
Table, and by all directors and executive officers as a group. This information
has been obtained in part from such persons and in part from the Company's
records. Each person has sole voting and investment power with respect to the
shares indicated except for shares which may be acquired upon exercise of
options and as otherwise noted.
NAME AND ADDRESS OF SHARES BENEFICIALLY
BENEFICIAL OWNER (1) OWNED (2) % OF CLASS
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Sandor Rosenberg, Chairman, CEO, and Director 1,902,800 27.6%
Richard S. DeRose, Executive Vice President 145,900(3) 2.1%
James D. Wester, Director 378,500(4) 5.3%
Bonnie K. Wachtel, Director 107,800(5) 1.6%
Brendan J. Dawson, Director 8,000(6) *
Charles A. May, Jr., Director 11,000(7) *
Kenneth Parsons 717,000(8) 9.4%
All directors and executive officers as a group 2,554,000(9) 34.9%
*less than 1%
(1) The address of all beneficial holders is care of the Company, except Ms.
Wachtel, whose address of record is 1101 14th St. NW, Washington, DC 20001.
(2) All shares are held outright by the individuals listed. References to
options and warrants include all options and warrants exercisable within 60
days of March 15, 1999.
(3) Includes options on 97,900 shares which are exercisable.
(4) Includes warrants exercisable for 108,000 shares, and options on 185,000
shares, all of which are exercisable.
(5) Includes options on 8,000 shares which are exercisable.
(6) Includes options on 8,000 shares which are exercisable.
(7) Includes options on 11,000 shares which are exercisable.
(8) Includes options on 717,000 shares which are exercisable
(9) Includes options on 309,900 ;shares and warrants exercisable for 108,000
shares.
ITEM 13. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) (1) Financial Statements:
Report of Independent Auditors F-1 - F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets F-3
Consolidated Statements of Operations F-4
Consolidated Statements of Stockholder's Equity F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-7 - F-16
(a) (2) Exhibits:
See Exhibit Index on page 12.
No reports were filed on Form 8-K during the last quarter of 1998.
10
Information Analysis Incorporated 1998 Report on Form 10-KSB
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d), of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
INFORMATION ANALYSIS INCORPORATED
By:
Sandor Rosenberg, President
March 30, 1999
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, this report has been
signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the
capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature Title Date
/s/ Sandor Rosenberg Chairman of the Board March 30, 1999
- ----------------------- and President
Sandor Rosenberg
/s/ Brendan J. Dawson Director March 30, 1999
- -----------------------
Brendan J. Dawson
/s/ Charles A. May, Jr. Director March 30, 1999
- -----------------------
Charles A. May
/s/ Bonnie K. Wachtel Director March 30, 1999
- -----------------------
Bonnie K. Wachtel
/s/ James D. Wester Director March 30, 1999
- -----------------------
James D. Wester
/s/ Richard S. DeRose Treasurer March 30, 1999
- -----------------------
Richard S. DeRose
11
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
To the Board of Directors
Information Analysis Incorporated
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of
Information Analysis Incorporated and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1998, and
the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders'
equity and cash flows for the year then ended. These financial statements are
the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of
Information Analysis Incorporated and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1998, and
their consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the year then ended
in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
/S/ Rubino & McGeehin, Chartered
March 4, 1999
Bethesda, Maryland
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Board of Directors
Information Analysis Incorporated
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Information
Analysis Incorporated and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1997, and the related
consolidated statement of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for
the year then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the
Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards.
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Information
Analysis Incorporated and subsidiaries at December 31, 1997, and the
consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then
ended in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Vienna, Virginia
March 3, 1998
F-2
INFORMATION ANALYSIS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of As of
12/31/98 12/31/97
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 176,399 $ 363,753
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $820,023 in 1998
and $437,821 in 1997 4,419,795 3,051,052
Employee advances 29,678 73,513
Refundable income taxes - 33,119
Prepaid expenses 89,629 53,592
Other receivables 56,059 70,548
------------ ------------
Total current assets 4,771,560 3,645,577
Fixed assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of
$1,805,976 in 1998 and $1,419,579 in 1997 650,474 780,442
Equipment under capital leases, net of accumulated amortization of
$49,459 in 1998 and $80,156 in 1997 25,743 49,845
Capitalized software, net of accumulated amortization of
$1,334,566 in 1998 and $20,294 in 1997 3,406,522 4,431,372
Goodwill - 12,450
Other receivables 50,226 61,872
Other assets 98,275 34,980
------------ ------------
Total assets $ 9,002,800 $ 9,016,538
============ ============
LIABILITIES & STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 2,323,394 $ 1,122,282
Accrued payroll and related liabilities 692,778 646,097
Other accrued liabilities 1,091,574 532,365
Revolving line of credit 1,796,200 599,600
Current portion of long-term debt - 103,624
Current maturities of capital lease obligations 14,995 22,960
------------ ------------
Total current liabilities 5,918,941 3,026,928
Long-term debt:
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion - 12,421
------------ ------------
Total liabilities 5,918,941 3,039,349
Common stock; par value $0.01; 15,000,000 shares authorized;
8,358,784 and 7,498,430 shares issued; 6,854,173 and 5,993,819
shares outstanding at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively
83,588 74,984
Additional paid in capital 12,639,666 6,517,655
Retained earnings (8,785,082) 238,863
Less treasury stock; 1,504,611 shares at cost (854,313) (854,313)
------------ ------------
Total stockholders' equity 3,083,859 5,977,189
------------ ------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 9,002,800 $ 9,016,538
============ ============
THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
F-3
INFORMATION ANALYSIS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the Years Ended December 31,
----------------------------------------------
1998 1997
---------------------- ----------------------
Sales
Professional fees $ 10,118,435 $ 6,535,804
Software sales 5,213,923 1,544,745
------------- -------------
Total sales 15,332,358 8,080,549
Cost of sales
Cost of professional fees 9,686,651 5,087,718
Cost of software sales 3,000,639 619,343
------------- -------------
Total cost of sales 12,687,290 5,707,061
Gross profit 2,645,068 2,373,488
Selling, general and administrative expenses 6,974,211 3,791,051
Research & development 1,680,818 182,149
------------- -------------
Loss from operations (6,009,961) (1,599,712)
Non recurring item: write-down of capitalized
software costs and severance (3,083,642) -
Other income 69,658 116,489
------------- -------------
Loss before provision for income taxes (9,023,945) (1,483,223)
Provision for income taxes - 73,728
------------- -------------
Net loss $ (9,023,945) $ (1,556,951)
============= =============
Loss per common share (basic and diluted) $ (1.35) $ (0.28)
Weighted average common shares outstanding
(basic and diluted) 6,665,321 5,649,668
THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
F-4
INFORMATION ANALYSIS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Shares of
Common Additional
Stock Common Paid in Retained Treasury
Issued Stock Capital Earnings Stock
------------------------------------ ----------------- ----------------- -----------------
Balances, December 31, 1996 6,094,602 $ 60,946 $ 1,085,066 $ 1,795,814 $ (854,313)
Exercise of stock options and
warrants 484,238 4,842 414,037
Stock issued for private
placement 857,142 8,571 4,991,424
Stock issued for ISSC
acquisition 62,448 625 27,128
Net loss (1,556,951)
----------- ----------- ----------- -------------- -----------
Balances, December 31, 1997 7,498,430 74,984 6,517,655 238,863 (854,313)
Exercise of stock options and
warrants 217,684 2,177 453,971
Stock issued for private
placement 580,155 5,802 5,640,883
Stock issued for ISSC
acquisition 62,515 625 27,157
Net loss (9,023,945)
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Balances, December 31, 1998 8,358,784 $ 83,588 $ 12,639,666 $ (8,785,082) $ (854,313)
=========== =========== =========== =========== ===========
Total
-----------------
Balances, December 31, 1996 $ 2,087,513
Exercise of stock options and
warrants 418,879
Stock issued for private
placement 4,999,995
Stock issued for ISSC
acquisition 27,753
Net loss (1,556,951)
-----------
Balances, December 31, 1997 5,977,189
Exercise of stock options and
warrants 456,148
Stock issued for private
placement 5,646,685
Stock issued for ISSC
acquisition 27,782
Net loss (9,023,945)
-----------
Balances, December 31, 1998 $ 3,083,859
===========
THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
F-5
INFORMATION ANALYSIS INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Years Ended December 31,
----------------------------------------------
1998 1997
---------------------- ----------------------
Net loss $ (9,023,945) $ (1,556,951)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Depreciation 383,214 219,167
Amortization 38,786 98,260
Amortization of capitalized software 1,314,272 15,220
Loss on sale of fixed assets 6,886 -
Capitalized software write-down 2,902,152 -
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable (1,368,743) (1,695,768)
Other receivables and prepaid expenses (29,362) 298,732
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 1,814,506 1,568,253
Deferred income taxes - 71,642
Refundable income taxes 33,119 168,435
------------- -------------
Net cash used in operating activities (3,929,115) (813,010)
------------- -------------
Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of furniture and equipment (266,036) (798,531)
Increase in capitalized software (3,191,574) (4,259,628)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets 3,670 -
------------- -------------
Net cash used in investing activities (3,453,940) (5,058,159)
------------- -------------
Cash flows from financing activities
Net borrowing under bank revolving line of credit 1,196,600 599,600
Repayment of long-term debt (83,346) (83,256)
Principal payments on capital leases (20,386) (24,182)
Proceeds from private placement of Common Stock 5,646,685 4,999,995
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and warrants 456,148 418,879
------------- -------------
Net cash provided by financing activities 7,195,701 5,911,036
------------- -------------
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents (187,354) 39,867
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year 363,753 323,886
------------- -------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year $ 176,399 $ 363,753
============= =============
Supplemental cash flow Information
Interest paid $ 44,965 $ 8,012
THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
F-6
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
OPERATIONS
Information Analysis, Incorporated (the Company) was incorporated under the
corporate laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1979 to develop and market
computer applications software systems, programming services, and related
software products and automation systems. In 1998, the Company completed its
development of UNICAST (a family of products that has the ability to fix the
problem other software programs have in recognizing and correctly handling years
subsequent to 1999).
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and
its wholly owned subsidiaries, International Software System Corporation (ISSC),
Allied Health & Information Systems, Inc. (AHISI) and DHD Systems, Inc. Upon
consolidation, all material intercompany accounts, transactions and profits are
eliminated. ISSC was acquired in 1996. Goodwill, resulting from the Company's
acquisition of ISSC was fully amortized over the past two-years, which was the
expected term of ISSC's contracts. The ISSC's contracts have since been renewed.
ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect certain reported amounts and disclosures. Accordingly, actual results
could differ from these estimates.
REVENUE RECOGNITION
The Company provides services under various pricing arrangements. Revenue from
"cost-plus-fixed-fee" contracts is recognized on the basis of reimbursable
contract costs incurred during the period, plus a percentage of the fixed fee.
Revenue from "firm-fixed-price" contracts is recognized on the
percentage-of-completion method. Under this method, individual contract revenues
are recorded based on the percentage relationship that contract costs incurred
bear to management's estimate of total contract costs. Revenue from "time and
material" contracts is recognized on the basis of hours utilized, plus other
reimbursable contract costs incurred during the period. Contract losses, if any,
are accrued when their occurrence becomes known and the amount of the loss is
reasonably determinable.
Revenue from software sales is recognized upon delivery, when collection of the
receivable is probable. Maintenance revenue is recognized ratably over the
maintenance period. In October 1997, the AICPA issued SOP 97-2, "Software
Revenue Recognition", which changes the requirements for revenue recognition.
The Company adopted SOP 97-2 for transactions that the Company entered into
beginning January 1, 1998. The implementation of SOP 97-2 did not have a
material effect on the financial statements of the Company.
SEGMENT REPORTING
In June 1997, FASB issued Statement No. 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information" which is effective for fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 1997. The Statement changes the way public
companies report segment information. The Company adopted Statement No. 131 in
1998 and concluded it operates in one business segment, providing products and
services to modernize client information systems.
GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS
Company sales to departments or agencies of the United States Government are
subject to audit by the Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA), which could result
in the renegotiating of amounts previously billed. Audits by DCAA were performed
for 1995 and 1996 for one of IAI's subsidiaries. No amounts were changed as a
result of the audits. Management believes that the results of such audits will
not have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position or
results of operations.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
For the purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers all
highly liquid investments with maturities of ninety days or less at the time of
purchase to be cash equivalents. Deposits are maintained with a federally
insured bank. Balances at times exceed insured limits, but management does not
consider this to be a significant concentration of credit risk.
FIXED ASSETS
F-7
Fixed assets are stated at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line
method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are
amortized over the term of the lease or the estimated life of the improvement,
whichever is shorter. Maintenance and minor repairs are charged to operations as
incurred. Gains and losses on dispositions are recorded in current operations.
ADVERTISING
All costs related to advertising the Company's products are expensed in the
period incurred.
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS
The Company has capitalized costs related to the development of the UNICAST
software product. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 86, capitalization of costs begins when technological feasibility has been
established and ends when the product is available for general release to
customers. Amortization is computed and recognized for the product when
available for general release to customers based on the greater of a) the ratio
that current gross revenues for the product bear to the total of current and
anticipated future gross revenues for that product or, b) the straight-line
method over the remaining economic life of the product. Capitalized costs and
amortization periods are management's estimates and may have to be modified due
to inherent technological changes in software development.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company records compensation expense for all stock-based compensation plans
using the instrinsic value method prescribed by APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting
for Stock Issued to Employees. The Company's annual financial statements
supplementally disclose the required pro forma information as if the fair value
method prescribed by Financial Accounting Standards Board's Statement No. 123,
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, had been adopted.
EARNINGS PER SHARE
The Company's earnings per share calculations are based upon the weighted
average of shares of common stock outstanding. The dilutive effect of stock
options are included for purposes of calculating diluted earnings per share,
except for periods when the Company reports a net loss, in which case the
inclusion of stock options would be antidilutive.
INCOME TAXES
Under Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 109, "Accounting for
Income Taxes," the liability method is used in accounting for income taxes.
Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on
differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities,
and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect
when the differences are expected to reverse.
FAIR MARKET VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company's financial instruments include trade receivables and other
receivables, accounts payable, and notes payable. Management believes the
carrying value of financial instruments approximates their fair market value,
unless disclosed otherwise in the accompanying notes.
RECLASSIFICATION
Certain accounts in the prior year financial statements have been reclassified
for comparative purposes to conform with the presentation in the current year
financial statements.
F-8
2. ACQUISITION
On June 5, 1996, the Company completed an acquisition of the outstanding common
stock of International Software Services, Inc. (the predecessor to ISSC) for
$400,000, of which $108,333 in cash and $25,000 in stock was paid at closing,
$83,256 in cash and $27,753 in stock was paid in 1997 and $83,346 in cash and
$27,782 in stock was paid in 1998, to the former owner. The Company issued
62,515 shares in 1998 as part of the final payment. The remaining $44,530 is
being offset against expenses incurred by the Company on behalf of ISSC. The
business acquisition was accounted for as a purchase. The operations of ISSC
since the date of the acquisition are included in the consolidated statement of
operations of the Company. The cost of the acquisition exceeded the fair value
of the net assets acquired by $99,605. The excess was fully amortized as
goodwill on a straight-line basis over a two-year period, which was the expected
term of ISSC's contracts.
3. RECEIVABLES
Accounts receivable at December 31, consist of the following:
1998 1997
---- ----
Billed-Federal Government $ 600,213 $ 415,038
Billed-commercial 2,274,330 2,054,790
------------- -------------
Total Billed 2,874,543 2,469,828
Unbilled 1,545,252 581,224
------------- -------------
Total Accounts Receivable $ 4,419,795 $ 3,051,052
============= =============
Unbilled receivables are for services provided through the balance sheet date
which are expected to be billed and collected within one year.
4. FIXED ASSETS
A summary of fixed assets and equipment at December 31, consist of the
following:
1998 1997
---- ----
Furniture and Equipment $ 296,657 $ 247,511
Leasehold Improvements and Other 204,634 209,749
Computer Equipment and Software 1,955,159 1,742,761
------------- -------------
2,456,450 2,200,021
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization (1,805,976) (1,419,579)
------------- -------------
Total $ 650,474 $ 780,442
============= =============
Depreciation for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, was $385,448 and
$258,490, respectively.
5. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS
Software development costs as of December 31, consist of the following:
1998 1997
---- ----
Costs Incurred $ 7,643,240 $ 4,451,666
Less: accumulated amortization (1,334,566) (20,294)
Write-down of capitalized costs (2,902,152) -
------------- -------------
Software development costs, net $ 3,406,522 $ 4,431,372
============= =============
Amortization expense for the years ended December 31,1998, and 1997 was
$1,314,272 and $20,294, respectively. During 1998, there was a $2,902,152
write-down of capitalized costs to estimated net realizable value, which is
included in the statement of operations as a nonrecurring expense.
F-9
6. OTHER ASSETS
Other assets at December 31, consist of the following:
1998 1997
---- ----
Security deposits $ 88,275 $ 24,980
Other 10,000 10,000
------------ ------------
Total other assets $ 98,275 $ 34,980
============ ============
7. OTHER ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Other accrued liabilities at December 31, consist of the following:
1998 1997
---- ----
Royalties payable $ 586,936 $ 44,025
Contract loss provision 253,386 73,456
Accrued Jetform sales - 212,114
Accrued payables 50,000 96,448
Other 201,252 106,322
------------ ------------
$ 1,091,574 $ 532,365
============ ============
8. REVOLVING LINE OF CREDIT
At December 31, 1998, the Company had a revolving line of credit with a bank
providing for demand or short-term borrowings up to $2,000,000. This line
expires on June 17, 1999. Draws against this line are limited by varying
percentages of the Company's accounts receivable balances depending on the
source of the receivables and their age. The bank is granted a security interest
in certain assets if there are borrowings under the line of credit. Interest on
outstanding amounts is payable monthly at the bank's prime rate plus 0.5% (8.25%
at December 31, 1998). The lender has a first priority security interest in the
Company's receivables and a direct assignment of its U.S. Government contracts.
The revolving line of credit, among other covenants, requires the Company to
comply with certain financial ratios, with which the Company was not in
compliance at December 31, 1998. At December 31, 1998, there was an outstanding
balance of $1,796,000 on the line.
9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
CAPITAL LEASES
The future minimum lease payments under capital leases for equipment and the
present value of the minimum lease payments are as follows:
Year Ending December 31, 1999 $ 16,957
Less amount representing interest (1,962)
------------
Total obligation representing principal $ 14,995
============
OPERATING LEASES
The Company leases facilities and equipment under long-term operating lease
agreements extending through 2004. Rent expense was $766,314 and $341,071 for
the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The future minimum
rental payments to be made under non-cancelable operating leases, principally
for facilities, are as follows:
Year ending December 31,
1999 $ 1,128,093
2000 756,666
2001 586,520
2002 519,066
2003 through 2004 600,418
------------
Total minimum rent payments $ 3,590,763
============
F-10
The above minimum lease payments reflect the base rent under the lease
agreements. However, these base rents shall be adjusted each year to reflect
increases in the consumer price index and the Company's proportionate share of
real estate tax increases on the leased property. The Company entered into a new
lease in March 1998 with a two-year term ending in 2000. The leases are secured
by security deposits in the amount of $88,275.
The aggregate future minimum rentals to be received under non-cancelable
subleases as of December 31, 1998, is $466,164, of which $201,162 is payable in
1999, $160,303 is payable in 2000, $31,993 is payable in 2001, $32,953 is
payable in 2002 and $39,753 is payable in 2003 through 2004.
ROYALTIES
In August 1996, the Company entered into an agreement to purchase the software
product UNICAST. As part of the agreement, royalties are paid to the seller on
sales of the UNICAST licensing fees collected by the Company. The aggregate
amount of the royalties pursuant to this agreement will not exceed $1,000,000.
Royalties paid in 1998 were $640 and no royalties were paid in 1997.
In September 1996, the Company entered into an agreement whereby, in
consideration of an expense sharing arrangement, the Company will pay royalties
on sales of the UNICAST licensing fees collected by the Company. The royalties
will not exceed $245,831. Royalties paid in 1998 were $7,668 and no royalties
were paid in 1997.
In March 1997, the Company entered into an agreement with Computer Associates
International, Inc. (CA). As part of the agreement, royalties are paid to CA
based upon sales of the UNICAST licensing fees collected by the Company.
Royalties paid in 1998 were $185,979 and no royalties were paid in 1997.
In February 1998, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire all rights,
title and interest for the development of a software application which runs on a
personal computer to remedy software which is not Year 2000 compliant
(the "Tool"). As part of the agreement, royalties are paid on all professional
service fees in which the Tool is utilized for assessment and/or remediation
services. The aggregate amount of the royalties pursuant to this agreement will
not exceed $4,000,000. Royalties paid in 1998 were $32,618.
F-11
10. INCOME TAXES
The provision for income taxes consists of the following:
December 31,
1998 1997
------------- -------------
Current expense
Federal $ - $ -
State - -
------------- -------------
Deferred expense
Federal $ - $ 65,967
State - 7,761
------------- -------------
- 73,728
------------- -------------
Expense for income taxes $ - $ 73,728
============= =============
The items that give rise to the deferred tax expense shown above are as follows:
December 31,
1998 1997
------------- -------------
Depreciation $ - $ (27,000)
Vacation expense - 39,928
Bad debt expense - 60,800
------------- -------------
Tax effects of temporary differences $ - $ 73,728
============= =============
The tax effect of significant temporary differences representing deferred tax
assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows:
December 31,
1998 1997
------------- -------------
Deferred Tax Assets
Net Operating Loss Carry forward $ 4,272,387 $ 1,342,732
Accrued Vacation 106,777 82,528
Allowance for Bad Debts 311,609 130,927
Deferred Revenue - 41,801
Intangibles 64,006 -
Fixed Assets 6,084 -
Other 1,186 988
------------- -------------
Subtotal 4,762,049 1,598,976
Valuation Allowance (4,762,049) (1,531,566)
------------- -------------
Subtotal - 67,410
------------- -------------
Deferred Tax Liabilities
Intangibles $ - $ (14,210)
Fixed Assets - (53,200)
------------- -------------
Subtotal - (67,410)
------------- -------------
Total $ - $ -
============= =============
F-12
The provision for income taxes is at an effective rate different from the
federal statutory rate due principally to the following:
December 31,
1998 1997
------------- -------------
Loss Before Taxes $ (9,023,945) $ (1,483,223)
============= =============
Income Taxes (benefit) on above amount at federal statutory rate (3,068,141) (504,296)
State income taxes net of federal benefit (360,958) (59,329)
Increase in valuation allowable 3,230,483 604,702
Effect of change in estimates and non deductible items 198,616 32,651
------------- -------------
Provision for income taxes $ - $ 73,728
============= =============
The Company has recognized a valuation allowance to the full extent of its net
deferred tax assets since the likelihood of realization of the benefit cannot be
determined.
The Company has net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $11 million
which expire, if unused, in the year 2018. The tax benefits of approximately
$2.3 million of net operating losses related to stock options will be credited
to equity when the benefit is realized through utilization of the net operating
loss carryover.
11. MAJOR CUSTOMERS
Traditionally, IAI's clients have spanned a wide range of enterprises in the
private sector along with government agencies. In 1998, governmental clients
included the U.S. Army and the U.S. Customs Service ("USCS"). The total revenue
derived from and through USCS constituted 5.3% of the Company's 1998 revenues
versus 15.2% in 1997. The Company's contracts with the U.S Army accounted for
8.0% of the Company's 1998 revenues and 16.5% of the Company's 1997 revenues.
The Company's revenue derived from a single commercial software company
constituted 24.4% of the Company's 1998 revenue and 11.0% of the 1997 revenues.
The Company's, revenue derived from a single commercial technology company
accounted for 10.26% of the Company's 1998 revenue.
12. RETIREMENT PLANS
The Company adopted a Cash or Deferred Arrangement Agreement (CODA) which
satisfies the requirements of section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code, on
January 1, 1988. This defined contribution retirement plan covers substantially
all employees. Each participant can elect to have up to 15% of their salary
reduced and contributed to the plan. The Company is required to make a matching
contribution of 25% of the first 6% of this salary reduction. The Company can
also make additional contributions at its discretion. Amounts expensed under the
plan for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997 were $106,418 and $49,938,
respectively.
F-13
13. STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS
The Company has an incentive stock option plan, which became effective June 25,
1996. The plan provides for the granting of stock options to certain employees
and directors. The maximum number of shares for which options may be granted
under the plans is 2,575,000. Options expire no later than ten years from the
date of grant or when employment ceases, whichever comes first, and vest over
periods determined by the board of directors. The average vesting period for
options granted in 1998 was one year. The exercise price of each option equals
the quoted market price of the Company's stock on the date of grant. The stock
option plan is accounted for under Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No.
25. Accordingly, no compensation has been recognized for the plan. Had
compensation cost for the plans been determined based on the estimated fair
value of the options at the grant date consistent with the method of Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123, the Company's net income and
earnings would have been:
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997
---- ----
Net Loss As Reported $ (9,023,945) $(1,556,951)
Pro Forma $ (9,251,140) $(2,181,032)
Loss per share As Reported $ (1.35) $ (0.28)
Pro Forma $ (1.39) $ (0.39)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The fair value of the options granted in 1998 is estimated on the date of the
grant using the Black-Scholes options-pricing model assuming the following:
1998 1997
---- ----
Dividend yield None None
Risk-free interest rate 5.5% 5.5%
Expected volatility 102.8% 65.5%
Expected term of options 3 years 2 years
The effects on 1998 and 1997 pro forma net income and earnings per share of
expensing the estimated fair value of stock options are not necessarily
representative of the effects on reported net income for future years due to
such things as the vesting period of the stock options and the potential for
issuance of additional stock options in future years. The weighted average fair
value per option granted in 1998 and 1997 was $3.74 and $4.67.
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at
December 31, 1998:
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
-------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------
Weighted
Average
Weighted Remaining Weighted
Range of Exercise Number of Average Contractual Number of Average
Prices Options Exercise Price Life Options Exercised Price
------------------ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Less than $2.00 1,171,450 $ 0.53 7.7 years 946,450 $ 0.56
$2.00 and more 454,950 $ 18.01 8.6 years 444,200 $ 15.97
------------- -------------
Total 1,626,400 $ 5.42 8.0 years 1,390,650 $ 5.48
============= =============
F-14
Unexercisable options are as follows: 225,000 at $.444 per share, 2,500 options
at 14.75 per share, 6,000 options at 12.25 per share, 500 options at 10.50 per
share, 500 options at 11.75 per share, 500 options at 14.13 per share and 750
options at 11.81 per share. Transactions involving the plan were as follows:
December 31,
1998 1997
---- -----
Weighted Weighted
Average Average
Shares Price Shares Price
Outstanding, beginning of year 1,855,550 $ 4.76 1,751,688 $ 0.52
Granted 78,800 5.87 579,100 14.44
Exercised (183,400) 1.29 (475,238) 0.88
Canceled (124,550) 15.50 -
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding, end of year 1,626,400 $ 5.42 1,855,550 $ 4.76
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
On November 14, 1997, the board of directors authorized the Company to reprice
328,100 employee stock options at a price range of $17.68 to $28.88 to $14.50
per share which was the fair market value of the common stock at the close on
that date. On November 21, 1997, the board of directors authorized the Company
to reprice 105,000 stock options to executive officers at a price of $25.75 per
share to a price of $16.00 per share which was not less than the current closing
price of the Company's common stock as of November 20, 1997.
The board of directors has also granted warrants to directors, employees and
others. No warrants were issued to directors or employees in 1998 and 1997. In
connection with its March 1997 private placement, the Company issued 85,713
warrants exercisable at $6.42 a share to an investment banking entity. The total
warrants exercised were 34,284 in 1998 and 9,000 in 1997. As of December 31,
1998, outstanding warrants are 159,429, which expire in 4 years. The purchase
price for shares issued upon exercise of these warrants range from $0.56 to
$7.50 per share. These warrants are exercisable immediately.
F-15
14. COMPUTATION OF EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE
For the Years Ended December 31,
1998 1997
Numerator for basic and diluted earnings
(loss) per share
Earnings
Net loss $ (9,023,945) $ (1,556,951)
Denominator for basic earnings per 6,665,321 5,649,668
Share - weighted average shares
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options - -
Dilutive potential common shares - -
Denominator for diluted earnings per
share - adjusted weighted average
shares and assumed conversions 6,665,321 5,649,668
Basic earnings (loss) per share $ (1.35) $ (0.28)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share $ (1.35) $ (0.28)
Options to purchase 1,626,400 and 1,855,550 shares of common stock were
outstanding during 1998 and 1997, respectively, but were not included in the
computation of diluted earnings per share as the effect would be antidilutive.
15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
PROSPECTIVE MERGER MEMORANDUM
On March 4, 1999, the Company signed a non-binding letter of intent to merge
with a growing, profitable firm in the telecommunications industry. The identity
of this company will be held in confidence until a formal merger agreement is
completed and relative valuations of both companies can be determined through a
fairness appraisal.
F-16
Information Analysis Incorporated 1998 Report on Form 10-KSB
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exhibit Index
Exhibit
No. Description Location
3.1 Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-KSB/A
effective March 18, 1997 for the fiscal year ending December 31, 1996 and filed on
July 3, 1997
3.2 Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Filed with this Form 10-KSB
Incorporation
3.3 Amended By-Laws of the Company Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form S-18
dated November 20, 1986 (Commission File No. 33-9390).
4.1 Copy of Stock Certificate Filed with this Form 10-KSB
10.1 Office Lease for 18,280 square feet at 11240 Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-KSB/A for the
Waples Mill Road, Fairfax, Virginia 22030. fiscal year ending December 31, 1996 and filed on July 3, 1997
10.2 Company's 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan through Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-KSB/A for the
Aetna Life Insurance and Annuity Company. fiscal year ending December 31, 1996 and filed on July 3, 1997
10.3 1986 Stock Option Plan Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form S-8 filed
on December 20, 1988
10.4 1996 Stock Option Plan Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form S-8 filed on
June 25, 1996
10.5 Line of Credit Agreement with First Virginia Bank Incorporated by reference the Registrant's Form 10-KSB for the fiscal
year ending December 31, 1995 and filed April 15, 1996
(Commission File No. 33-9390).
10.6 Warrant Agreement between James D. Wester, a Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-KSB/A
director, and the Company dated February 24, 1993 for the fiscal year ending December 31, 1996 and filed on July 3, 1997
10.7 Royalty Agreement between James D. Wester and the Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-KSB/A
Company in exchange for development expense the fiscal year ending December 31, 1996 and filed on July 3, 1997
advances.
10.8 Amended Royalty Agreement between James D. Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-QSB
Wester and the Company in exchange for for the period ending March 31, 1998 and filed on May 15, 1998.
development expense advances.
12
Information Analysis Incorporated 1998 Report on Form 10-KSB
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.9 Registration Rights Agreement dated February Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-KSB/A
27, 1997 between the Company and certain for the fiscal year ending December 31, 1996 and filed on July 3, 1997
purchases of Common Stock.
10.10 Software License Agreement dated March 24, Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-QSB/A
1997 between the Company and Computer for the Quarter ended March 31, 1997 and filed on July 18, 1997.
Associates, International, Inc.,
10.11 Employment contract for Brendan J. Dawson Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-QSB for the
Quarter ended September 30, 1997 and filed on November 10, 1997.
10.12 Office lease for 19,357 square feet at 3877 Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-QSB for the
Fairfax Ridge Road, Fairfax, Virginia period ending March 31, 1998 and filed on May 15, 1998.
21.1 List of Subsidiaries. Filed with this Form 10-KSB
23.1 Consent of independent auditors, Rubino & McGeehin, Filed with this Form 10-KSB
Chartered
23.2 Consent of independent auditors, Ernst & Young LLP. Filed with this Form 10-KSB
27.1 Financial Data Schedule. Filed with this Form 10-KSB
13